Water Treatment Chemicals Industry

The global water treatment chemicals market for geothermal power was valued at USD 8.84 million in 2023, with an expected compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 3.5% from 2024 to 2030. The growth of this market is closely tied to the increasing global demand for clean and renewable energy sources. As reported by the International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA), the global geothermal electricity capacity grew from 13,196 MW in 2018 to 14,846 MW in 2023. This rising demand for geothermal energy is driving the need for effective water treatment solutions, which are essential for maintaining the efficiency of geothermal power plants.

A key factor contributing to the market’s expansion is the growing use of scale control agents, which help enhance the efficiency of power generation in geothermal plants. Unlike fossil fuel plants, geothermal power plants are environmentally friendly, as they do not burn fuel to produce electricity. These plants release 97% less sulfur compounds and 99% less carbon dioxide than fossil fuel counterparts of similar size. However, geothermal power plants face the challenge of dealing with mineral-rich, often salty water that must be treated before it enters the heat exchanger. Untreated brine can cause scaling issues that reduce plant efficiency. Water treatment chemicals play a vital role in preventing the presence of salts and metals in the discharged water, thereby avoiding contamination of rivers and lakes.

The use of water treatment chemicals in geothermal power is crucial due to the composition of geothermal water, which contains scale- and corrosion-causing chemicals such as silica, calcium, potassium, sulfate, hydrogen sulfate, fluoride, magnesium, and chloride. The water also contains varying levels of gases such as carbon dioxide and nitrogen, along with smaller amounts of ammonia, boron, mercury, and radon. If left untreated, the mineral-rich geothermal water can lead to scaling, causing blockages and disruptions in the geothermal system. Therefore, water treatment chemicals are essential to protect geothermal systems from buildup, ensuring continuous and efficient operation.

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Product Insights

Scale Control Segment Leading the Market (2023):

• In 2023, the scale control segment dominated the water treatment chemicals market for geothermal power, capturing a revenue share of 63.4%.
• The growth of this segment is driven by the high risk of mineral deposition and scaling in geothermal power plants.
• Scale formation, caused by the mineral-rich nature of geothermal fluids, can reduce plant efficiency by clogging pipes and heat exchangers, necessitating the use of scale control chemicals.
• The increasing demand for scale control products is essential for maintaining smooth operation and optimizing the performance of geothermal plants.

Corrosion Control Products' Role in Plant Maintenance:

• Corrosion control products are critical for maintaining the structural integrity and efficiency of geothermal power plants.
• Geothermal fluids often contain dissolved gases, such as hydrogen sulfide (H₂S) and carbon dioxide (CO₂), as well as various salts, which create a highly corrosive environment.
• This corrosive environment can degrade metal components, including pipes, heat exchangers, and other critical equipment, leading to leaks, system failures, and costly maintenance.
• By using corrosion control chemicals, geothermal power plants can prevent equipment degradation, reduce the risk of operational downtime, and extend the lifespan of plant infrastructure, ultimately improving plant efficiency.

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